Kalam Philosophy, Islam and Science by Bruno Abd-al-Haqq Guiderdoni: TVIslamScience- 4/24/2020

 Research Seminar given by Prof. Bruno Guiderdoni, at the Faraday Institute for Science and Religion, on November 20th 2018.

YouTube Video:

https://youtu.be/t7n6QvRaWp8?si=nag9hc8YPWn0JGqM

Islamic Cosmology: Yesterday & Today- Bruno Guiderdoni- Observatory of Lyon, Islamic Institute of Advanced Studies- Qulliam UIP Meeting - January 20.2013. Power Points of Lecture- https://unity1.store/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/9-islamic-cosmology-bruno-guiderdoni.pdf

On Mystic Nature of Science: A Conversation with French Muslim Scientist,Bruno Abd-al-Haqq Guiderdoni - Dr.Jafar Paramboor-https://en.islamonweb.net/on-mystic-nature-of-science-a-conversation-with-french-muslim-scientist-dr-bruno-abd-al-haqq-guiderdoni

Bruno Guiderdoni - Among Sufism, Traditionalism & Science: A Reply to Bigliardi - PDFhttps://social-epistemology.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/piraino_reply.pdf

Islam & Science:Bruno Abd-al-Haqq Guiderdoni - Source: University of St.Andrews -Islamicity-https://www.islamicity.org/22466/islam-and-science/

Islam & Science:Bruno Abd-al-Haqq Guiderdoni- Delivered as part of the James Gregory public lectures on science and religion at the University of St Andrews- 17 April 2008 - Video https://vimeo.com/77582091

"A Dialogue on the Question of Cosmology: Traditional and Modern Understandings" This panel discussion happened between Dr. Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Dr. Bruno Guiderdoni on December 22, 2019 at the Reviving the Islamic Spirit 2019 Convention in Toronto, Canada.https://youtu.be/P8g1M1rKuN8?si=ZFTgDXbiBCAmq-3f

Wikipedia: Biography-Bruno Guiderdoni https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Guiderdoni

Dawah in the Caribbean with Shaykh Jamaludeen Hysaw || NBF 346 || Dr Shadee Elmasry - Safina Society - May 28,2024

YouTube Video:https://www.youtube.com/live/_mU_p0nZ8iQ?si=U2QTBzlpWf3b0HUY

Biography: Shaykh Jamaludeen Hysaw -https://www.likemedia.tv/speaker/shaykh-jamal-ud-deen-hysaw/

The Journey: Shaykh Jamaludeen Hysaw- https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/shaykh-jamal-ud-deen-hysaw/id1477194143?i=1000485239955

Seekers Guidance: Ya Sayyidi - A Poem by Shaykh Jamaludeen Hysaw 

Ya Sayyidi 
Ya Sayyidi
Ya Sayyidi

I am ashamed before you
I claim to love you but I do not know you
My heart yearns to see you, to be near you
But I am not worthy of that honor
Because I still do not know you.

I have met people that have less than me in material knowledge 
Their hearts filled with passion 
And they are possessed with a saintly madness 
and a level of drunkenness from their salawat upon you that places me in awe of them
They have been given such a deep love for you and an understanding that places me at their feet to learn from and gain from their spiritual insights
It humbles me, and I am ashamed

I have sat at the feet of your grandchildren and have drank from their knowledge
I tried to grasp a piece of their states… but I still have not realized them nor their states
I have been struggling trying to find a place with them
Wishing they would just take me by the hand and love me
Taking me to the spiritual realm of my inner self and beyond
Taking me to the spiritual springs so that my soul may be purified 
My heart cleansed and emptied that I may have it filled with more love of you 
So that even when its tongue companion is not moving asking Allah to bless you the heart still is…

For years I have been looking for a guide, I have been looking for someone to take me to Allah
Allah has placed me before you
He has placed me in your Ummah
And I still have yet to realize the gift of being selected
I have been treacherous in my saying that there is no god but Allah when my actions are rebellious to what the tongue has professed
To love Allah is to love you ya Sayyidi
And if I cannot truly love you I am truly lost

Ya Sayyidi Ya Sayyidi
I try to recite the litanies prescribed to send blessings upon you
But I feel as though its done with a pseudo intention of seeing you and asking you for guidance
To feel special as though I have arrived
What a fool I have become to think this could happen when I cannot maintain the awakening of the dawn!
Where is the reality of the love I claim to have of you!?
Where is my inner understanding?
why am I veiled from you?
Where is my yearning?
I have done nothing with this gift He has given me
I am a poor representative of your path

I want to know you!
I want to know the essence that is you and to live it!
You are the key to understanding life
Your example has been made plain and there is no argument of that
I pray that I am blessed with a love for you that is complete and filled with a perfected certainty
Such that I am able to witness you with my hearts eye
That I can be blessed with felicity
My eyes well with tears
I am ashamed!

About the Author

Shaykh Jamal is a SeekersGuidance instructor. Shaykh Jamal accepted Islam in 1992 in Chicago, Illinois. He has a degree in Political Science from Southern Illinois University, and has studied Islamic studies in Damascus, Syria for 3 years. In 1995 he studied for 2 years at Abu Nur Islamic Institute and 1 year at the University of Damascus Language program for Foreigners. In 1995 Ustath Jamal moved to Tarim, Yemen and studied in Dar Al-Mustafa for 5 years. He returned to the US in 2003 and began an Islamic studies program that lasted for 1 year, and held courses in Fiqh, the 40 hadith, and beginning Arabic around the Atlanta area.

Shaykh Jamal was in the Dominican Republic, where he was working in calling people to Allah and helping to develop the Muslim community in Santo Domingo. He was the Imam of Masjid Al-Hidayyah in Santiago for a year and a half prior to his return to the US. Shaykh has lectured in the UK and Latin America, and taught at Islamic retreats and various classes in the Atlanta area.

https://seekersguidance.org/articles/general-artices/ya-sayyidi-a-poem-by-shaykh-jamal-ud-deen-hysaw/

Shaykh Charles Hasan Le Gai Eaton : Islam: The Religion of Middle Way - Radical Middle Way- Dec 2005 London

 YouTube Video: https://youtu.be/Iyvqfh2wupA?si=ONlXVsdePQNPcBa5

Charles Le Gai Eaton: Life & Works ( Part 1/2) - MattersofFaith - October 13, 2010

https://youtu.be/oxTcdnt3lEc?si=smv6OUCQzLz2CeSZ

Charles Le Gai Eaton: Life & Works ( Part 2/2) - MattersofFaith - October 14, 2010

https://youtu.be/_ckoFlzm1g8?si=j9G2F0joIh5bhuoz

What is special about the Qur'an? With Gai Eaton: Blogging Theology- August 14, 2022

https://youtu.be/Osc1p4wW-v8?si=XKkXvT80RY5GaR9p   

Amazon: Islam & the Destiny of Man - The aim of this book is to explore what it means to be a Muslim, a member of a community which embraces a quarter of the world's population and to describe the forces which have shaped the hearts and the minds of Islamic people. After considering the historic confrontation between Islam and Christendom and analysing the difference between the three monotheistic faiths (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the author describes the two poles of Muslim belief in terms of 'Truth' and 'Mercy'--the unitarian truth which is the basis of the Muslim's faith and the mercy inherent in this truth. In the second part of the book he explains the significance of the Qur'an and tells the dramatic story of Muhammad's life and of the early Caliphate. Lastly, the author considers the Muslim view of man's destiny, the social structure of Islam, the role of art and mysticism and the inner meaning of Islamic teaching concerning the hereafter.Amazon: Islam & the Destiny of Man: Islam and the Destiny of Man by Charles Le Gai Eaton is a wide-ranging study of the Muslim religion from a unique point of view. The author, a former member of the British Diplomatic Service, was brought up as an agnostic and embraced Islam at an early age after writing a book (commissioned by T.S. Eliot) on Eastern religions and their influence upon Western thinkers. As a Muslim he has retained his adherence to the perennial philosophy which, he maintains, underlies the teachings of all the great religions.                                             https://www.amazon.com/-/es/Charles-Gai-Eaton/dp/088706163X

A Tribute to Gai Eaton at Brookwood Cemetry: Explore with Michael - April 16, 2023

https://youtu.be/85HJSqB4KkM?si=cN7Dduenod6RNyBJ

Charles Le Gai Eaton Obituary: The Gaurdian  https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/apr/19/charles-le-gai-eaton-obituary      

In Memory of My Father Charles Hasan Le Gai Eaton - Leo Eaton's Keynote Speech at Radical Middle Way's 5 Year Memoriam for Gai Eaton - Opinion April12, 2015 

https://khutbahbank.org.uk/v2/2016/06/22/in-memory-of-my-father-hasan-charles-le-gai-eaton/    

Robert D. Crane (Faruq Abd al-Haq): The Natural Law of Compassionate Justice, An Islamic Perspective - Rumi Forum - 6/27/2011

Dr. Robert Dickson Crane, is the former adviser to the late President of the United States Richard Nixon, and is former Deputy Director (for Planning) of the United States National Security Council. He has authored or co-authored more than a dozen books and over 50 professional articles on comparative legal systems, global strategy, and information management. Dr. Crane got his B.A. from Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, in 1956, graduating summa cum laude, with majors in political science, economic planning and Sino-Soviet studies. He went on to obtain his J.D. from Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA in 1959 with specialty in comparative legal systems and international investment. His thesis was titled "The Accommodation of Ethics in International Commercial Arbitration" and was published in the Arbitration Journal, Fall 1959. At Harvard, he also founded the Harvard International Law Journal and acted as the first president of the Harvard International Law Society. Dr. Crane was admitted to the District of Columbia Bar in 1960. Dr. Crane will present the high lights of his new book, "The Natural Law of Compassionate Justice, An Islamic Perspective." Dr. Crane is a Muslim scholar who writings has inspirer and enlighten his readers around to world. The book is offering new ideas with in the universal teaching of Islam. His is an American respective with focus on religious freedom, compassionate justice, human rights in Islam, and forging a global strategy for the future. We think his voice is one of balance, meaning and inspiration.

YouTube Video:https://youtu.be/Lpr3MKdCkQc?si=sIRTDYWXchvSBkK9

Amazon:The Natural Law of Compassionate Justice, An Islamic Perspective: Robert D.Crane     book offers new concepts within the universal teachings of Islam. His is an American respective with focus on religious freedom, compassionate justice, human rights in Islam, and forges a new global strategy for the future. We think his voice is one of balance, measure and inspiration for our time.https://www.amazon.com/Natural-Compassionate-Justice-Islamic-Perspective/dp/B01FKUTRVM/ref=sr_1_3?dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.KuZU7V5y7xS0WxJJVHNL162GIn_JsAU8A6MN3d1JIrXp_f-t9cQI8tr2AkztU3GQEyNxGkVNubQU5qRtDF6Xjw.KnKyniMIbxXC7JRcPySNFcOeFCi3eyukZifMBcEIRSA&dib_tag=se&qid=1716234286&refinements=p_27%3ARobert+Dickson+Crane&s=books&sr=1-3

The American Muslim Journal: The Natural Law of Compassionate Justice: A missing Dimension of Religion in the Public Square http://theamericanmuslim.org/tam.php/features/articles/the_natural_law_of_compassionate_justice_a_missing_dimension_of_religion_in/

Wikipedia Biography Robert Dickson Crane:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Dickson_Crane

Ramadan Foundation International: Memorial for Dr.Robert Dickson Crane-Facebook Video https://www.facebook.com/ramadhanfoundationinternational/videos/memorial-for-dr-robert-dickson-crane/330299985408951/

Peace for Harmony Org : Robert D Crane: Strategy of Harmony & Justice -https://peacefromharmony.org/?cat=en_c&key=516

Sainthood & Authority in Early Islam:Al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi's Theory of Waliaya & the Reenvisioning of the Sunni Caliphate - Aiyub Palmer

In Sainthood and Authority in Early Islam Aiyub Palmer looks at the political, religious and social structures that underlay notions of Islamic authority up through the 4th Islamic century.

Review: 'Dr. Palmer's thoughtful and well documented examination of the rise and development of the concept of "sainthood" in ascetic-mystical Islam is intimately relevant to the ongoing intellectual and theological debates in the Muslim world and in Muslim diaspora communities over normative notions of Islamic doctrine and practice.                                                                                                                                                           

Alexander Knysh, Professor of Islamic Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

Author: Aiyub Palmer is an Assistant Professor of Arabic and Islam in the College of Arts and Sciences at University of Kentucky. Dr. Palmer's research focuses on the social and theoretical foundations of early Islamic authority, looking particularly at early Islamic sainthood.

https://www.amazon.com/Sainthood-Authority-Early-Islam-Reenvisioning/dp/9004408304

Review: Traditional Hikma -Atif Khalil

https://traditionalhikma.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Review_of_Sainthood_and_Authority_in_Ear.pdf

Ph.D Thesis:The Social and Theoretical Dimensions of Sainthood in Early Islam: Al-Tirmidhī’s Gnoseology and the Foundations of Ṣūfī Social Praxis.Doctor of Philosophy (Near Eastern Studies) In the University of Michigan (373 Pages)

https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/113454/aiyub_1.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad:“Klossowski's reading of Nietzsche from an Islamic viewpoint”.ITC Video Keynote

Prof. Tim Winter - Islamic Theology Conference Video Keynote: “Klossowski's reading of Nietzsche from an Islamic viewpoint” - St.Andrews Encyclopedia of Theology-May 13, 2024

Youtube Video: https://youtu.be/wC8YJfyOkOY?si=FZzo2AVfBVAKNXmL

Islam’s characteristic integration of a full monotheism with social and denominational difference lies at the heart of its attempt at a Dionysian supersession of Apollonian religion. Recent studies of the Muslim ‘culture of ambiguity’ by Wael Hallaq, Thomas Bauer and others, have emphasised the pre-modern Muslim love of provisionality, but offer few clues about its source. In this lecture we will be considering how one of Nietzsche’s most important interpreters may shed light on the nexus between tawhid and the celebration of a biotic order which by its nature remains in creative flux and indeterminacy. For more information, visit the conference website: https://itc.wp.st-andrews.ac.uk/

Amazon: A Culture of Ambiguity: An alternative History of Islam - Thomas Bauer

In the Western imagination, Islamic cultures are dominated by dogmatic religious norms that permit no nuance. Those fighting such stereotypes have countered with a portrait of Islam’s medieval “Golden Age,” marked by rationality, tolerance, and even proto-secularism. How can we understand Islamic history, culture, and thought beyond this dichotomy?

In this magisterial cultural and intellectual history, Thomas Bauer reconsiders classical and modern Islam by tracing differing attitudes toward ambiguity. Over a span of many centuries, he explores the tension between one strand that aspires to annihilate all uncertainties and establish absolute, uncontestable truths and another, competing tendency that looks for ways to live with ambiguity and accept complexity. Bauer ranges across cultural and linguistic ambiguities, considering premodern Islamic textual and cultural forms from law to Quranic exegesis to literary genres alongside attitudes toward religious minorities and foreigners. He emphasizes the relative absence of conflict between religious and secular discourses in classical Islamic culture, which stands in striking contrast to both present-day fundamentalism and much of European history. Bauer shows how Islam’s encounter with the modern West and its demand for certainty helped bring about both Islamicist and secular liberal ideologies that in their own ways rejected ambiguity―and therefore also their own cultural traditions.

Awarded the prestigious Leibniz Prize, A Culture of Ambiguity not only reframes a vast range of Islamic history but also offers an interdisciplinary model for investigating the tolerance of ambiguity across cultures and eras.

https://www.amazon.com/Culture-Ambiguity-Alternative-History-Islam/dp/0231170645

"Talking with Teachers" Dr. Abdullah bin Hamid Ali interviews Shaykh Hasan Spiker - Lamppost Education Initiative - May13, 2024

 YouTube Video:

https://youtu.be/WDFjGdVOPKs?si=rTaHsXCj7FsEwSaa

Join us for an enlightening episode of the Talking With Teachers Podcast as we delve into the fascinating realm of metaphysics with esteemed guest Shaykh Hasan Spiker. Gain profound insights into Shaykh Hasan's background and his exploration of the Western philosophical tradition's interpretation of metaphysics, featuring prominent thinkers such as Aristotle and Kant. Discover the rich legacy of Islamic intellectual tradition through the lens of the great Ottoman scholar and teacher, Mulla Funari, as Shaykh Hasan sheds light on his invaluable contributions. Dive deep into the essence of metaphysics and expand your intellectual horizons with this captivating discussion. Please support the Lamppost Education Inititiave. Your donations help Lamppost provide high quality content for English speaking Muslims all over the world. Visit us at: https://lamppostedu.org/donate to contribute and aid Islamic education from qualified Muslim scholars. Please subscribe to the channel and leave a comment below! For our online courses, go to: https://www.lamppostedu.org/courses Be sure to subscribe to our YouTube Channel and share our Islamic content with your family and friends.

Shaykh Hasan Spiker's Biography:Hasan Spiker is a philosopher and comparative scholar of Islamic, Greek, and modern thought. Spiker spent twelve years studying the Islamic sciences in the Middle East, primarily under the tutelage of the Iraqi sage and theologian al-Sayyid Quṣayy Abū al-Siʿd. Upon his return to the United Kingdom, Spiker entered the University of Cambridge where he completed his MPhil, and is currently carrying out his doctoral research, in philosophy. From 2014-2022 Spiker was a researcher on Tabah Foundation’s ‘Classification of the Sciences’ project, widely lauded as one of the most significant contemporary attempts to renew the epistemological and metaphysical foundations of traditional Islamic philosophical thought. His main areas of study in Islamic thought are i) the intersection of ʿilm al-kalām (Muslim theology), Avicennan philosophy, and ʿilm al-taḥqīq (experiential metaphysics), as well as ii) the metaphysical foundations of ethics; in Greek thought, the Neoplatonic critique of Aristotelian immanentism; and in modern thought, the philosophy of Kant, the metaphysics of freedom, and the possibility of metaphysics. He joined Zaytuna College as a lecturer in philosophy and logic in 2022, and as of 2023, serves as a faculty member at Usul Academy. https://www.usul.academy/faculty Hasan Spiker's Posts about his teacher " The Allama & Mutakallim, al-Sayyid Qusayy Abu al-Si'd al-Rifa'i al-Husayni: You will call me biased, but I have never met a Sufi or an Alim who comes within a country mile of this man. A poem by Shaykh Dhakir al-Hanafi in praise of my beloved Murshid,the great Allama:

https://facebook.com/permalink.php? ابنُ الكرامِ، أخُو المكارمِ والتقى *ابنُ الرّفاعيْ وابنُ حيدرةَ الوَصِيْ

ذاك المفدَّى والمُقدَّمُ في العلى * السيدُ الجَحْجَاحُ والمَولَى قُصَيْ

حبرٌ جَليلٌ شَامِخٌ يُنْمَى إلى* آلِ (أبو السِّعْدِ) الوليِّ المُخْلَصِ

وَرِثَ المَفاخِرَ كابرًا عن كابرٍ * فشُؤونُ مجدِ علاهُمُ لا تَنحصِي

لِمْ لا وَجَدُّهمُ العظيمُ مُحَمَّدٌ * ذاكَ الذي وَطِئَ السّماءَ بأَخْمَصِ

فالزمْ حِماهُ يا صُويحِبُ إنّها*من نائباتِ الدهرِ خيرُ مُخلِّصِ

واظفَرْ بِمَنهجِه السَّوِيِّ ولا تَحِدْ *واسْتَعصِمَنَّ بِحبلِهِ ولْتَحرِصِ

مولايَ زِدْهُ منَ العطاءِ تكرّمًا*عَمِّمْ له الخيراتِ رَبّيَ واخْصُصِ

واحفظْه معْ نَجلَيهِ مِن باغٍ ومِن * ذي خِدعةٍ وغوايةٍ مُتَرَبِّصِ

Mulla Shams ad-Din Muhammad ibn Hamzah al-Fanari (Arabic: محمد بن حمزة الفناري, Turkish: Molla Şemseddin Mehmed Fenari), 1350–1431, known in short as Molla Fenari was an Ottoman logician, Islamic theologian, Islamic legal scholar, and mystical philosopher of the school of Ibn ʿArabī. Source: Wikipedia

Mulla Fanari & the Misbah al-Uns: The Commentator & the Perfect Man PDF - Alan Godlas

https://www.ibnarabisociety.org/wp-content/uploads/PDFs/Godlas_Molla-Fanari.pdf

Ayn Al-A'yn: The First Prominent Quranic Commentary in Ottoman History : Halim Calis

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360457132_'Ayn_Al-A'yan_The_First_Prominent_Qur'anic_Commentary_in_Ottoman_History

Hasan Spiker's Books: * Things as They are: Nafs al-Amr and the Metaphysical Foundations of the Objective Truth - Amazom: https://www.amazon.com/Things-They-are-Metaphysical-Classification/dp/9948860748

*The Metacritique of Kant and the possibility of Metaphysics: https://www.amazon.com/Metacritique-Kant-Possibility-Metaphysics/dp/9948166558https://www.amazon.com/Metacritique-Kant-Possibility-Metaphysics/dp/9948166558://www.amazon.com/Metacritique-Kant-Possibility-Metaphysics/dp/9948166558://www.amazon.com/Metacritique-Kant-Possibility-Metaphysics/dp/9948166558pfbid0oH6cDgLe2k4h2sFL4KTzT1thzKn8NURxUihiiGa3BJzTrVuFbZcWC3rm9LuPck1ql&id=100030344661677

Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad: Paradigms of Leadership - Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur) - Cambridge Muslim College - May 2, 2024

YouTube Video: 

https://youtu.be/NkbQ7z0w2O0?si=d8SoVM1YWrLKkai-

Muslim history brims with detailed accounts of incredible leaders. Some are better known than others but they all demonstrated a range of beautiful leadership qualities that we can learn from today.In this ongoing Lecture Series, Shaykh Abdal Hakim Murad chooses exemplary figures in Islamic history of every generation, geography and gender, drawing out particular lessons for us: both in the way they carried themselves through society and in the principles they employed in handling the urgent challenges of their day. This lecture is about life & times of Abdurrahman Wahid (RA) known as Gus Dur, Prominent Muslim Scholar & former President of Indonesia (1999-2001).

Amazon: Gus Dur: An Authorized Biography of Abdurrahman Wahid -Greg Barton

In October 1999, Abdurrahman Wahid, almost blind and recovering from a nearfatal stroke, was elected as Indonesia's fourth president. Referred to as 'Indonesia's surprising new president' by the Economist, the man who had commanded the highest respect of his fellow countrymen for his lifetime devotion to public service, liberal democracy and tolerant Islam, was impeached in humiliating and controversial circumstances less than two years later. Wise to some, insolent to others, Abdurrahman's mercurial style of leadership constantly confounded critics and ultimately caused him to be widely misunderstood by both domestic and international observers. For the first time, biographer Greg Barton delves beneath the surface and gives us a unique insight into the man and his world drawn from his long relationship with Gus Dur - including being at his side during the final extraordinary months of the presidency. Those interested in the drama of modern Indonesian politics will find this book provides a fascinating and invaluable account of the enigmatic Gus Dur.

https://www.amazon.com/Gus-Dur-Authorized-Biography-Abdurrahman/dp/9799589851

Articles:

*The implications of Democratizatin towards Deformalization of Islamic Law in Indonesia: Study on Abdurrahman Wahid's thoughts - Abdul Ghofur, Walisongo Islamic State University, Semarang, Indonesia

https://iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/Journal_uploads/IJMET/VOLUME_8_ISSUE_6/IJMET_08_06_008.pdf

* President Abdurrahman Wahid's Efforts to Consolidate the Democratic Transition from the Soeharto Authorotarian Regime, Saefur Rochmat, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321363681_President_Abdurrahman_Wahid's_Efforts_to_Consolidate_the_Democratic_Transition_from_the_Soeharto_Authoritarian_Regime

* Abdurrahman Wahid's Concept of Non-violent Approach to Building Peace, Mujab Muhammad, Universitas Islam   https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319495655_ABDURRAHMAN_WAHID'S_CONCEPT_OF_NON-VIOLENT_APPROACH_TO_BUILDING_PEACE

Multicultural Type of Da'wah:Abdurrahman Wahid on Islamic Transformation to Indonesian Multiculturalism, Ahidul Asror  https://www.journalppw.com/index.php/jppw/article/view/690

* Pribumization: The Epistemology Of Abdurrahman Wahid's Thought (Gus Dur) Muhammad Misbakhul Munir IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, Indonesia  file:///Users/User/Downloads/10-Article%20Text-92-2-10-20230807.pdf

* Abdurrahman Wahid Obituary, Former Indinesian President who championed humam rights  https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2010/jan/03/abdurrahman-wahid-obituary